If you google search 'sql like operator on integer', all results tell you NO, you can't do that
But the reality is opposite, YES, you can
You can do that on all SQL engine, Microsoft SQL server, Oracle, MySQL
Why?
I don't know why, so I post this question on stackoverflow, soon, one people found 'why' on Microsoft SQL server, another people found 'why' on MySQL server
see details click here https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69929970/sql-like-operator-on-integer#69929970
Why this important?
Because it affect the behavior of Enterprise Geodatabase (SQL-sever and oracle based)
Arcgis REST API build on Enterprise Geodatabase, therefor, it affect the behavior of Arcgis REST API
see my another post, https://transparentgov.net/cleargov1/866/how-know-arcgis-rest-servic-use-enterprise-file-geodatabase