Non-spatial table in SQL server, Oracle, Excel file (.xlsx), and .csv file can be publish on Arcgis server and Arcgis online as "feature table"
https://support.esri.com/en/technical-article/000015544
https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/help/sharing/overview/share-standalone-table.htm
Example:
https://transparentgov.net:3200/arcgis/featuretable4/default?cross=default&layer_id=3&layer=parcel_table&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgis.la-quinta.org%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FBaseMap%2Fparcels_table%2FMapServer&select_field=11&select_fieldvalue=-1
https://transparentgov.net:3200/arcgis/featuretable/default?cross=default&layer_id=3&layer=parcel_table&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgis.la-quinta.org%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FBaseMap%2Fparcels_table%2FMapServer
How to ?
Use ArcMap upload excel table to Arcgis server
Result is here
https://gis.la-quinta.org/arcgis/rest/services/BaseMap/parcels_table/MapServer/3
https://transparentgov.net/json2tree/esri/server/folder.html?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgis.la-quinta.org%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices&org=La+Quinta+CA&_center_lat=33.6634&_center_long=-116.31&_center_zoom=17&select_folder=51&select_layer=3
ArcPro > Share > always result in create items in "Hosted" folder
Reach dead end
Let's try another way
https://transparentgov.net/json2tree/esri/server/folder.html?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgis.la-quinta.org%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices&org=La+Quinta+CA&_center_lat=33.6634&_center_long=-116.31&_center_zoom=17&select_folder=38&select_layer=0
https://gis.la-quinta.org/arcgis/rest/services/Hosted/parcel_table/FeatureServer
Don't forget sharing to public, otherwise, you would not see it.